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常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題
過(guò)硫酸鈉和過(guò)硫酸鉀都屬于過(guò)硫酸鹽，無(wú)論是在日常生活還是化學(xué)工業(yè)中，這兩種過(guò)硫酸鹽都發(fā)揮著重要的作用的，那么這兩種過(guò)硫酸鹽之間的區(qū)別是什么呢?
Sodium persulfate and potassium persulfate both belong to persulfates, which play important roles in daily life and chemical industry. So what is the difference between these two persulfates?
一、過(guò)硫酸鈉
1、 Sodium persulfate
過(guò)硫酸鈉也叫高硫酸鈉，是一種無(wú)機(jī)化合物，化學(xué)式為Na2S2O8，為白色晶狀粉末，無(wú)臭味。溶于水，不溶于乙醇。在潮濕空氣和高溫中都能加速它的分解，而放出氧變?yōu)榻沽蛩徕c。
Sodium persulfate, also known as sodium persulfate, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na2S2O8. It is a white crystalline powder with no odor. Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol. It can accelerate its decomposition in humid air and high temperature, releasing oxygen to become sodium pyrosulfate.
過(guò)硫酸鈉主要用途：
The main uses of sodium persulfate are:
1、主要用作漂白劑、氧化劑、乳液聚合促進(jìn)劑。
1. It is mainly used as bleaching agent, oxidant and lotion polymerization accelerator.
2、用于照相業(yè)的廢液處理、膠片顯影、定影劑。
2. Used for waste liquid treatment, film development, and fixative in the photography industry.
3、用作脲醛樹脂的固化劑，固化速度快。
3. Used as a curing agent for urea formaldehyde resin, with fast curing speed.
4、用于印刷電路板表面金屬的蝕刻劑。
4. Etching agent used for the surface metal of printed circuit boards.
5、用于紡織脫漿劑。
5. Used as a textile desizing agent.
6、用于硫化染料發(fā)色劑。
6. Used as a coloring agent for sulfurized dyes.
7、用于油井壓裂液的破膠劑。
7. A demulsifier used for oil well fracturing fluids.
8、用于電池去極化劑及有機(jī)高分子乳化聚合引發(fā)劑，如：作為乳膠或丙烯酸單體聚合液、醋酸乙烯、氯乙烯等產(chǎn)品的引發(fā)劑。
8. Used as a depolarizing agent for batteries and an initiator for organic polymer emulsion polymerization, such as an initiator for latex or acrylic monomer polymerization solutions, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, and other products.
9、用于清潔劑，可以有效去除水中雜質(zhì)，過(guò)硫酸鈉是清洗劑常用成分之一。
9. Used as a cleaning agent, it can effectively remove impurities from water, and sodium persulfate is one of the commonly used ingredients in cleaning agents.
10、用于劑，可有效殺滅水中細(xì)菌、真菌和病毒，還可有效去除水中異味，是水處理常用藥物之一。
10. Used as a disinfectant, it can effectively kill bacteria, fungi, and viruses in water, as well as remove odors from water. It is one of the commonly used drugs in water treatment.
11、環(huán)境處理中用來(lái)進(jìn)行水處理（廢水凈化）、廢氣處理、有害物質(zhì)氧化降解。
11. Used in environmental treatment for water treatment (wastewater purification), exhaust gas treatment, and oxidation degradation of harmful substances.
12、用于制造高純度鹽酸和硫酸。
12. Used for manufacturing high-purity hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
13、用于制造化工原料，如硫酸鈉、硫酸鋅等。
13. Used for manufacturing chemical raw materials such as sodium sulfate, zinc sulfate, etc.
14、在農(nóng)業(yè)中可修復(fù)受污染的土壤。
14. In agriculture, contaminated soil can be remediated.
二、過(guò)硫酸鉀
2、 Potassium persulfate
過(guò)硫酸鉀是一種無(wú)機(jī)化合物，化學(xué)式為K2S2O8，是一種白色結(jié)晶性粉末，溶于水、不溶于乙醇，具有強(qiáng)氧化性，常用作漂白劑、氧化劑，也可用作聚合反應(yīng)引發(fā)劑，幾乎不吸潮，常溫下穩(wěn)定性好，便于儲(chǔ)存，具有方便和等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
Potassium persulfate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula K2S2O8. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol. It has strong oxidizing properties and is commonly used as a bleaching agent, oxidant, and polymerization initiator. It is almost non hygroscopic, stable at room temperature, easy to store, and has the advantages of convenience and safety.
過(guò)硫酸鉀主要用途：
The main uses of potassium persulfate are:
1、主要用作劑和織物漂白劑。
1. Mainly used as a disinfectant and fabric bleaching agent.
2、用作乙酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯類、丙烯腈、苯乙烯、氯乙烯等單體乳液聚合的引發(fā)劑（使用溫度60～8 5℃），以及合成樹脂聚合促進(jìn)劑。
2. It is used as an initiator for lotion polymerization of vinyl acetate, acrylate, acrylonitrile, styrene, vinyl chloride and other monomers (use temperature: 60~85 ℃), and as an accelerator for synthetic resin polymerization.
3、過(guò)硫酸鉀是電解法制過(guò)氧化氫的中間體，經(jīng)分解生成過(guò)氧化氫。
3. Potassium persulfate is an intermediate in the electrolysis of hydrogen peroxide, which decomposes to produce hydrogen peroxide.
4、過(guò)硫酸鉀用于鋼及合金的氧化溶液中及銅的蝕刻與粗化處理，也可用于溶液雜質(zhì)的處理。
4. Potassium persulfate is used in the oxidation solution of steel and alloys, as well as in the etching and roughening treatment of copper. It can also be used for the treatment of impurities in the solution.
5、用作分析試劑，化工中用作氧化劑、引發(fā)劑。還用于膠片洗印，用作硫代硫酸鈉脫除劑等。這兩種過(guò)硫酸鹽無(wú)論在外觀，性狀或用途上都有共通的地方，而這兩者的主要區(qū)別在于作為聚合促進(jìn)劑時(shí)的區(qū)別。
5. Used as an analytical reagent, used as an oxidant and initiator in chemical production. It is also used for film printing and as a sodium thiosulfate remover. These two types of persulfates share similarities in appearance, properties, and applications, with the main difference being their use as polymerization promoters.
三、過(guò)硫酸鈉和過(guò)硫酸鉀主要區(qū)別
3、 The main difference between sodium persulfate and potassium persulfate
這兩種過(guò)硫酸鹽無(wú)論在外觀，性狀或用途上都有共通的
These two types of persulfates share similarities in appearance, properties, and applications
三、過(guò)硫酸鈉和過(guò)硫酸鉀主要區(qū)別
3、 The main difference between sodium persulfate and potassium persulfate
這兩種過(guò)硫酸鹽無(wú)論在外觀，性狀或用途上都有共通的地方，而這兩者的主要區(qū)別在于作為聚合促進(jìn)劑時(shí)的區(qū)別。雖然它們都可以作為聚合促進(jìn)劑，但是二者還是有區(qū)別的，因?yàn)檫^(guò)硫酸鉀的的引發(fā)效果較好，所以過(guò)硫酸鉀多用于實(shí)驗(yàn)室及高端制藥業(yè)中，中低附加值的制造使用過(guò)硫酸鉀成本太高，而過(guò)硫酸鈉相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)其引發(fā)效果要差一些，但是其要低，所以多用于工業(yè)中。
These two types of persulfates share similarities in appearance, properties, and applications, with the main difference being their use as polymerization promoters. Although they can both be used as polymerization promoters, there are still differences between the two because potassium persulfate has a better triggering effect, so it is mostly used in laboratories and high-end pharmaceutical industries. The cost of using potassium persulfate in low - and medium value added production is too high, while sodium persulfate has a relatively lower triggering effect, but its price is lower, so it is mostly used in industrial production.
四、使用注意事項(xiàng)
4、 Precautions for use
過(guò)硫酸鈉屬于非易燃品，但由于它能釋放氧而有助燃作用，存儲(chǔ)時(shí)必須存放在干燥、密閉的容器中，避免陽(yáng)光直射、勿近熱源。不可同有機(jī)物和鐵銹、少量金屬等還原性物質(zhì)接觸，以防引起過(guò)硫酸鈉的分解、爆炸。由于潮濕的過(guò)硫酸鈉粉末及其水溶液有漂白和輕微的腐蝕作用，因此使用過(guò)程中應(yīng)避免眼睛、皮膚和衣物直接與其接觸。
Sodium persulfate is a non flammable substance, but due to its ability to release oxygen and provide combustion assistance, it must be stored in a dry, sealed container, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Do not come into contact with reducing substances such as organic matter, rust, and small amounts of metals to prevent the decomposition and explosion of sodium persulfate. Due to the bleaching and slight corrosive effects of moist sodium persulfate powder and its aqueous solution, direct contact with eyes, skin, and clothing should be avoided during use.
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