順酐（簡(jiǎn)稱MA）是順丁烯二酸酐的簡(jiǎn)稱，又名馬來酸酐或失水蘋果酸酐；英文名：Mateicanhydride；分子式：C4H203；分子量：98.058；
Maleic anhydride (MA) is the abbreviation of maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride or dehydrated malic anhydride; English Name: mateicanhydride; Molecular formula: c4h203; Molecular weight: 98.058;
順酐是一種常用的重要基本有機(jī)化工原料,是世界上僅次于醋酐和苯酐的第三大酸酐原料。
Maleic anhydride is a common and important basic organic chemical raw material. It is the third largest anhydride raw material in the world after acetic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.
順酐主要用于不飽和聚酯樹脂（UPR）、醇酸樹脂。此外，以順酐為原料還可以1，4-丁二醇（BOD）、γ-丁內(nèi)酯（GBL）、四氫呋喃（THF）、馬來酸、富馬酸和四氫酸酐等一系列用途廣泛的精細(xì)化工產(chǎn)品，在農(nóng)藥、醫(yī)藥、涂料、油墨、潤滑油添加劑、造紙化學(xué)品、紡織品整理劑、食品添加劑以及表面活性劑等領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用。
Maleic anhydride is mainly used to produce unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) and alkyd resin. In addition, 1,4-butanediol (BOD) can be produced from maleic anhydride γ- Butyrolactone (GBL), tetrahydrofuran (THF), maleic acid, fumaric acid and tetrahydroanhydride are a series of fine chemical products with wide applications. They are widely used in the fields of pesticides, medicine, coatings, inks, lubricating oil additives, papermaking chemicals, textile finishing agents, food additives and surfactants.
上工業(yè)化順酐的工藝路線主要為正丁烷法氧化法，其次為苯氧化法，我國主要采用苯氧化法。
The process route of industrial production of maleic anhydride in the world is mainly n-butane oxidation, followed by benzene oxidation. Benzene oxidation is mainly used in China.
近年來，我國順酐的表觀消費(fèi)量不斷增加。無論是我國順酐的技術(shù)，還是能力都得到了很大的發(fā)展，但是與國外^相比還存在一些問題。
In recent years, the apparent consumption of maleic anhydride in China has been increasing. Both the production technology and production capacity of maleic anhydride in China have been greatly developed, but there are still some problems compared with foreign countries.
順酐基本理化性質(zhì)：
Basic physical and chemical properties of maleic anhydride:
順丁烯二酸酐系白色斜方形針狀結(jié)晶，分子式C4H203，分子量98.06，熔點(diǎn)52.8℃，沸點(diǎn)202℃，相對(duì)密度1.314，閃點(diǎn)103℃，易升華。順酐易溶于水、醇和酯，微溶于四氯化碳和粗汽油。順酐的粉塵和蒸汽均易燃易爆，對(duì)人有刺激，而且會(huì)燒傷人體皮膚。
Maleic anhydride is white orthorhombic acicular crystal with molecular formula c4h203, molecular weight 98.06, melting point 52.8 ℃, boiling point 202 ℃, relative density 1.314, flash point 103 ℃, easy to sublimate. Maleic anhydride is easily soluble in water, alcohol and ester, slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride and crude gasoline. The dust and steam of maleic anhydride are flammable and explosive, irritating to people, and will burn human skin.
順酐的貯存及運(yùn)輸?shù)龋?/div>
Storage and transportation of maleic anhydride:
工業(yè)順酐產(chǎn)品包裝一般采用聚丙烯編織袋，內(nèi)襯聚乙烯塑料袋。每袋凈重25kg。或20′集裝箱可裝18噸（打托盤）或20噸（不打托盤）。850Kg塑編袋20′集裝箱可裝17噸（打托盤）。
Industrial maleic anhydride products are generally packaged in polypropylene woven bags lined with polyethylene plastic bags. The net weight of each bag is 25kg. Or 20 'container can hold 18 tons (palletizing) or 20 tons (not palletizing). 850kg plastic woven bag 20 'container can hold 17 tons (palletizing).
順酐應(yīng)貯存于干燥通風(fēng)的庫房內(nèi)，防火、防潮、防雨淋、防日曬，貯存期三個(gè)月—壹年。在貯存運(yùn)輸過程中勿與酸、堿混放，避免與氧化、腐蝕性物質(zhì)接觸，以免產(chǎn)品變質(zhì)，運(yùn)輸時(shí)注意小心輕放，防止包裝袋破損。
Maleic anhydride shall be stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse against fire, moisture, rain and sun. The storage period is three months to one year. Do not mix with acid and alkali during storage and transportation, and avoid contact with oxidizing and corrosive substances to avoid product deterioration. Pay attention to handle with care during transportation to prevent damage to the packaging bag.
順酐屬低毒類。在工業(yè)使用中應(yīng)嚴(yán)格防止污染皮膚和眼睛，加強(qiáng)通風(fēng)。盡量避免呼吸道吸入。
Maleic anhydride belongs to low toxicity. In industrial use, strictly prevent skin and eyes pollution and strengthen ventilation. Try to avoid respiratory inhalation.
